Spatial Proteomics

---
name: bio-spatial-transcriptomics-spatial-proteomics
description: Analyzes spatial proteomics data from CODEX, IMC, and MIBI platforms including cell segmentation and protein colocalization. Use when working with multiplexed imaging data, analyzing protein spatial patterns, or integrating spatial proteomics with transcriptomics.
tool_type: python
primary_tool: scimap
---

# Spatial Proteomics Analysis

## Data Loading

```python
import scimap as sm
import anndata as ad

# Load CODEX/IMC data (cell x marker matrix with spatial coordinates)
adata = ad.read_h5ad('spatial_proteomics.h5ad')

# Required: spatial coordinates in adata.obsm['spatial']
# Required: protein intensities in adata.X
```

## Preprocessing

```python
# Log transform intensities
sm.pp.log1p(adata)

# Rescale markers (0-1 per marker)
sm.pp.rescale(adata)

# Combat batch correction if multiple FOVs
sm.pp.combat(adata, batch_key='fov')
```

## Phenotyping Cells

```python
# Manual gating approach
phenotype_markers = {
    'T_cell': ['CD3', 'CD45'],
    'B_cell': ['CD20', 'CD45'],
    'Macrophage': ['CD68', 'CD163'],
    'Tumor': ['panCK', 'Ki67']
}

sm.tl.phenotype_cells(adata, phenotype=phenotype_markers,
                      gate=0.5, label='phenotype')

# Clustering-based phenotyping
sm.tl.cluster(adata, method='leiden', resolution=1.0)
```

## Spatial Analysis

```python
# Build spatial neighbors graph
sm.tl.spatial_distance(adata, x_coordinate='X', y_coordinate='Y')

# Neighborhood enrichment
sm.tl.spatial_interaction(adata, phenotype='phenotype',
                          method='knn', knn=10)

# Spatial clustering (communities of cells)
sm.tl.spatial_cluster(adata, phenotype='phenotype')
```

## Visualization

```python
# Spatial scatter plot
sm.pl.spatial_scatterPlot(adata, colorBy='phenotype',
                          x='X', y='Y', s=5)

# Heatmap of spatial interactions
sm.pl.spatial_interaction(adata)

# Marker expression overlay
sm.pl.image_viewer(adata, markers=['CD3', 'CD20', 'panCK'])
```

## Integration with Transcriptomics

```python
import squidpy as sq

# If matched spatial transcriptomics available
# Transfer labels or integrate modalities
sq.gr.spatial_neighbors(adata_protein)
sq.gr.spatial_neighbors(adata_rna)

# Compare spatial patterns across modalities
```

## Platform-Specific Notes

| Platform | Markers | Resolution | Notes |
|----------|---------|------------|-------|
| CODEX | 40-60 | Subcellular | Cyclic staining |
| IMC | 40+ | 1 um | Metal-tagged antibodies |
| MIBI | 40+ | 260 nm | Mass spectrometry |

## Related Skills

- spatial-transcriptomics/spatial-neighbors - Spatial graph construction
- spatial-transcriptomics/spatial-domains - Domain identification
- imaging-mass-cytometry/phenotyping - IMC-specific analysis